资料图:日本福岛第一核电站。
2011年,福岛核电站事故发生后,大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋,对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害,数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日,作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。
日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由,在2021年4月13日,正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多,日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。
日本政府辩称,这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全,甚至“可以喝”,这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。
事实上,经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质,核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收,长期来看,将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁,最终危害人类健康。
因此,核污水排海计划推出后,遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示,福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中,约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场,反对该计划。
日本政府认为,核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案,但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海,核污水会随着洋流流动,其影响势必会跨越国界,危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。
《韩国经济新闻》发文称,相关研究认为,福岛核污水如果排放入海,约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域,该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。
德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告,若日本将所有核污水排入海中,不到半年,整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁,包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。
日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国,有义务保护海洋环境。然而,在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上,日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。
国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估,但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论,并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下,日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设,这是极不负责任的行为。
太平洋不是日本的下水道,日本必须正视各方合理关切,在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后,制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远,若只顾眼前,执意将核污水排放入海,不仅其自身,周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单,其后果必将会危害数代人。
Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business
By John Lee
(ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.
Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.
The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.
On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.
The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.
In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.
Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.
The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.
The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.
The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.
According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.
As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.
However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.
Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.
The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.
If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.
《中国工业信息安全产业发展白皮书(2021-2022)》发布:2021年市场增长率达32.94%****** 光明网讯(记者 李政葳 刘昊)在1月9日举行的2022年中国工业信息安全大会上,《中国工业信息安全产业发展白皮书(2021-2022)》发布。文中显示,2021年我国工业信息安全产业规模达168.43亿元,市场增长率达32.94%。 “其中,工业互联网安全产业规模为75.7亿元,较2020年增长39.96%。在政策加持、技术创新、需求升级等多因素综合推动下,我国工业信息安全产业将继续保持高景气度。”国家工信安全中心副主任、工业信息安全产业发展联盟秘书长郝志强说。 大会以“数智转型,安全发展”为主题,由国家工业信息安全发展研究中心(以下简称“国家工信安全中心”)、工业信息安全产业发展联盟主办。 工业和信息化部网络安全管理局局长隋静表示,面对日益复杂严峻的工业领域网络安全新形势、新挑战,工业和信息化部网络安全管理局全面提升工业领域网络安全保障能力:一是加快出台工业互联网安全分类分级管理政策文件,加快编制新形势下工业控制系统网络安全防护指南,健全工业领域网络安全标准体系;二是深入实施工业互联网企业网络安全分类分级管理,加强工控产品安全漏洞管理,督促企业落实网络安全主体责任;三是持续建设完善工业互联网安全监测服务体系,持续组织开展工业互联网安全实网攻防演练;四是大力推动网络安全产业高质量发展,加强网络安全技术攻关和试点示范,探索开展工业领域网络安全保险服务。 国家工信安全中心党委书记、副主任蒋艳表示,要对标对表“以新安全格局保障新发展格局”战略部署,做深做实工业领域网络与数据安全能力现代化建设,持续打造技术先进、链条完整的综合安全保障体系。 “工业互联网防护体系的构建需要基于密码技术。在应用层面,我国应以区块链为牵引,构建自主创新、国际一流的工业互联网数据服务平台,为工业互联网高质量发展赋能。”围绕“密码技术与工业互联网安全”主题,中国科学院院士王小云表示,我国亟需抢先制定物联网、车联网、工控、国产操作系统等密码协议标准与技术规范:一方面以区块链、人工智能、大数据等技术赋能数据安全和数据治理;另一方面培养更多高水平的解决密码安全的复合型人才,加速推进工业数字化转型。 其间,国家工信安全中心与福建省工业和信息化厅、中控技术、飞腾信息、深信服、上海观安和微步在线等达成战略合作协议,将深化各方在政策研究、标准制定、技术研发、科研创新、产业促进、人才培养等方面的合作;启动信创安全“久安计划”,聚焦信创安全综合能力提升、基础共性安全技术研究、安全生态环境服务等多个方面。 此外,国家工信安全中心检查评估所副所长于盟发布《工业防火墙横向比对研究报告》;国家工信安全中心检查评估所副所长孙军发布最新安全产品网联汽车2C安全风险检测工具箱;国家工信安全中心办公室主任、工业信息安全产业发展联盟常务秘书长于志成对工业信息安全产业发展联盟2022年度工作进行总结。 据了解,工业信息安全产业发展联盟积极开展相关领域评比、选拔工作:评选出15家年度联盟优秀成员单位,11份工业信息安全优秀应用案例,10篇中国工业信息安全大会征文活动获奖论文,4家首批车联网服务平台安全能力测试评价“星级平台名录”。
(文图:赵筱尘 巫邓炎) [责编:天天中] 阅读剩余全文() |